COVID-19 中的大力老龄化和自我保健

ositive emotions, vitality, hope and optimism (Kooij, 2020). Because new mutations of the disease appear in different mutations of the COVID-19 virus, so it is very important to pay attention to self-care behaviours. However, staying at home can cause the elderly to experience symptoms such as anxiety and depression, limit their social relationships and significantly affect their lifestyle (Pant Brown Subedi, 2020). From the perspective of health scientists, one of the ways to improve the health of older people in the aspects of health and their participation in maintaining their health is to pay attention to active ageing, which can play an important role in preventing their disease (León et al., 2020), it is also associated with COVID-19 self-care behaviours.

Active ageing was introduced in 2002 by the World Health Organization with an emphasis on the culture and social conditions of society. According to the WHO, active ageing is a process that provides maximum opportunities for the health, participation, safety, and lifelong learning of older people to improve their quality of life (Del Barrio et al., 2018). In this definition, health emphasizes maintaining a healthy lifestyle and reducing risk factors and includes physical, mental and social well-being. Participation refers to the optimization of opportunities related to the social environment, such as participation in social and charitable affairs and education. Security refers to activities designed to ensure the protection, dignity and attention to the physical, social and financial needs of older people (Bárrios, 2015; Del Barrio et al., 2018). From the perspective of older people, active ageing is a set of personal components, such as maintaining health, life satisfaction, establishing family and friendly relationships and adapting to changes related to ageing and self-care (Bárrios, 2015). Some factors determine active ageing. These factors include health promotion and disease prevention, self-care, culture and social conditions, behavioural (physical activity), psychological (cognitive impairment and depression), environmental (physical barriers and access to transportation) and economic factors (income, employment) and access to medicines and health services (León et al., 2020; Mohammadi et al., 2018). Ferreira et al. reported that there is a direct relationship between functional independence in activities, such as self-care (eating, bathing, dressing), defecation control, mobility, communication and social interaction with active ageing (Ferreira et al., 2012). Souza et al. (2021) found that educational programs and health-promoting activities contribute to the advancement of active ageing in the fields of social participation, interaction with health care providers, cognitive improvement, participation in physical activity and increasingly older people’s independence.

Ageing and physiological changes in the body, weak immune system, one or more chronic diseases and polypharmacy in older people make this group more at risk for COVID-19 and its complications. One of the main methods of prevention and control of COVID-19 disease in older people is self-care. Active ageing is one of the indicators of health promotion and disease prevention in older people, so health care organizations must pay attention to active ageing as one of the factors related to self-care behaviours, and design appropriate health programs to maintain the physical, mental, functional and social potentials of the older people so that, through active ageing, self-care behaviours for diseases such as COVID-19 can be performed, and the quality of life can be enhanced.

全文翻译（仅供参考）

一种来自亚型家族的新型病毒 CoV-2 SARS 在世自始范围内迅速传播，被认为是全球健康紧急事件。COVID-19 鼠疫严重严重影响了一同样的精神上健康，常常是幼儿的精神上健康（Pinto Brown de Carvalho， 2020 年）。研究表明，进化亚型是幼儿阻塞性肺病、哮喘、心力衰竭和基石疾病等疾病病症的加重环境污染因素，这减少了对急性急救和住院疗法的需求。因此，请注意自我保健等防止和护理举动有利于防止感染并推动这些人的精神上健康（Jannat Alipoor Brown Fotokian， 2020）。此外，由于缺乏针对 COVID-19 的明确疗法方法和病毒的相符举动，自我保健举动是操控这种疾病的最佳解决方案（Mehraeen 等人， 2021 年）。

幼儿的自我保健是一个努力而实用的反复，幼儿及其家人通过精神上健康推动和疾病管理措施希望依靠精神上健康（Matarese 等人， 2018 年）。COVID-19 中的的自我保健举动以外 (a) 同样防盗、(b) 社交靠近、(c) 环境污染消毒、(d) 精神上精神上健康和 (e) 精神上健康的生活习惯方式为（De Maria 等， 2020）。自我保健举动才会严重影响 COVID-19 疾病，如果做得正确，住院百余人可减少多达 60%（Zareipour 等人， 2020 年）。自我保健举动有利于加重公共服务透过者的负担、减少疗法效益并更佳幼儿的精神上健康（Pourhabib 等， 2018）。幼儿在 COVID-19 中的的自我保健举动与多种环境污染因素有关，例如那时候在其他疾病中的的自我保健经历、普通家庭反对和保健民间组织、工作类型、幼儿的全身和十分相似、灵活性、努力性情绪、活力、希望和冷漠（Kooij， 2020 年）。由于该疾病的新等位基因出现在COVID-19病毒的各有不同等位基因中的，因此请注意自我保健举动非常不可忽视。然而，呆在在家才会引致幼儿出现焦虑和精神分裂症等病症，限制他们的社交关连并在在严重影响他们的生活习惯方式为（Pant Brown Subedi， 2020）。从精神上健康研究小组的角度来看，幼儿在精神上健康和参加维护精神上健康各个方面更佳精神上健康的方法之一是关切努力高龄化，这可以在防止他们的疾病各个方面体现不可忽视效用（León et al., 2020 )，它还与 COVID-19 的自我护理举动有关。

努力高龄化由世自始健康民间组织于 2002 年提出，重点关切人际关连的文化和人际关连状况。根据世自始健康民间组织的应为，努力高龄化是一个为幼儿的精神上健康、参加、确保安全和生前学习透过最大机才会以大幅提高他们生活习惯低质量的反复（Del Barrio 等， 2018）。在这个定义中的，精神上健康合理化依然精神上健康的生活习惯方式为和减少风险环境污染因素，以外全身、精神上和人际关连公共利益。参加是指优化与人际关连环境污染相关的机才会，例如参加人际关连和慈善职责和英语教育。确保安全是指意在确保幼儿的全身、人际关连和财务需求得到保护、尊严和关切的户外活动（Bárrios， 2015 年；Del Barrio 等人， 2018 年）。从幼儿的角度来看，努力高龄化是一系列同样组成部分，例如依然精神上健康、生活习惯满意度、建立普通家庭和友好关连以及适应与高龄化和自我保健相关的叠加（Bárrios， 2015）。一些环境污染因素决定了努力高龄化。这些环境污染因素以外精神上健康推动和疾病防止、自我保健、文化和人际关连状况、举动（全身户外活动）、精神上（本质障碍和精神分裂症）、环境污染（全身障碍和公路交通顺畅）和在经济上环境污染因素（收益、就业）和获得药物和健康服务（León 等人， 2020 年；Mohammadi 等人， 2018 年）。里维拉等人。据刊文，户外活动中的的功用发言权之间长期存在直接关连，例如自我保健（吃饭、洗澡、衣着）、排便操控、移动性、交流和人际关连分享与努力高龄化（Ferreira et al., 2012）。苏萨等人。( 2021) 请注意到英语教育原计划和精神上健康推动户外活动有利于在人际关连参加、与公共服务透过者的分享、本质更佳、参加体育户外活动和幼儿的发言权等英语教育领域推动努力高龄化。

全身的中毒者和精神上叠加、免疫强于、一种或多种慢性疾病以及幼儿的多种药物疗法使这一人际关连性更容易感染 COVID-19 及其中风。幼儿防止和操控 COVID-19 疾病的主要方法之一是自我保健。努力高龄化是幼儿精神上健康推动和疾病防止的指标之一，因此医疗机构必需将努力高龄化作为与自我保健举动相关的环境污染因素之一加以非常重视，并新设计尽量的精神上健康方案，以依靠身心精神上健康。幼儿的功用和人际关连潜力，以便通过努力高龄化，可以对 COVID-19 等疾病进行自我护理举动，并大幅提高生活习惯低质量。

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